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中国沙漠 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 50-60.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00074

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交错和矩形布置对树状植被地表剪应力和输沙率的影响

张萌(), 亢力强(), 王晓美   

  1. 北京师范大学 地理科学学部 地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室/防沙治沙教育部工程研究中心,北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-28 修回日期:2023-05-16 出版日期:2024-01-20 发布日期:2023-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 亢力强
  • 作者简介:亢力强(E-mail: kangliqiang@bnu.edu.cn
    张萌(1999—),女,山东人,硕士研究生,研究方向为风沙物理。E-mail: 202021051023@mail.bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41871003)

Effect of staggered and square arrangements on surface shear stress and sand transport rate on tree vegetated surface

Meng Zhang(), Liqiang Kang(), Xiaomei Wang   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology / Engineering Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control of Ministry of Education,Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
  • Received:2023-03-28 Revised:2023-05-16 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2023-12-26
  • Contact: Liqiang Kang

摘要:

植被布置方式是影响风对地表剪切作用的重要因素,进而影响植被的防沙效应。在风洞内测量了刚性树状植株模型在交错布置和矩形布置条件下的地表剪应力分布、总剪应力和输沙率,并分析了它们在两种布置方式下的差异。结果表明,在3种植株密度(18、32、50株·m-2)下,交错布置时植株周围平均地表剪应力比矩形布置时分别减小8.5%~11.9%、13.8%~16.5%、15.3%~17.2%。交错布置时剪应力分解模型参数β值(平均值220)大于矩形布置(平均值180),而两种布置的m值非常接近。在相同来流风速和植株密度下,交错布置时植被地表输沙率均小于矩形布置情况,平均减小值为24%,而输沙率随平均地表摩阻风速的变化规律不受植被排列方式的影响。本文结果有助于从地表剪应力角度理解布置方式在植被防风蚀研究中的作用。

关键词: 地表剪应力, 输沙率, 布置方式, 树状植株模型, 风洞实验

Abstract:

Vegetation arrangement is an important factor affecting the wind shear action on the surface, and then affects the sand-proof effect. In this paper, the surface shear stress distribution, total shear stress and sand transport rate of rigid tree models in staggered and square arrangements are measured in wind tunnel, and the differences between the two arrangements are analyzed. The results show that under three plant densities (18, 32, 50 plants·m-2), the average surface shear stress in staggered arrangement is 8.5%-11.9%, 13.8%-16.5%, 15.3%-17.2% lower than that in square arrangement, respectively. In the shear-stress partitioning model, the parameter β of staggered arrangement (mean=220) is larger than that of square arrangement (mean=180), while the parameter m of the two arrangements is very close. Under the same incoming wind speed and plant density, the sand transport rate in staggered arrangement is lower than that in square arrangement with an average reduction of 24%. However, the variation of sand transport rate with the average surface friction velocity is not affected by arrangement. The results of this paper are helpful to understand the role of vegetation arrangement in wind erosion control from the perspective of surface shear stress.

Key words: surface shear stress, sand transport rate, arrangement mode, tree model, wind tunnel tests

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